Q.124 Botany ⭐ 360° Option Elimination Active

NEET 2023 Botany Question 124 Solution

Topic: Anatomy of Flowering Plants · Official NTA Booklet Code G5

Question

Given below are two statements: Statement I: Endarch and exarch are the terms often used for describing the position of secondary xylem in the plant body. Statement II: Exarch condition is the most common feature of the root system. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(1)Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true.
(2)Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
(3)Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
(4)Statement I is correct but Statement II is false.

✓

Verified Against NTA Final Answer Key

Option (1) : Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true.

📚 Anatomy of Flowering Plants Medium

📋 Given Parameters & Problem Setup

Statement I Endarch and exarch are terms describing position of secondary xylem.

Statement II Exarch condition is the most common feature of the root system.

⚡

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Endarch/Exarch = PRIMARY Xylem Only!

⏱️ Save ~25 seconds

Endarch and exarch describe the spatial orientation of protoxylem relative to metaxylem in PRIMARY xylem, NEVER secondary xylem! In roots, protoxylem is peripheral (Exarch). Statement I is false, Statement II is true!

1 Check Statement I: Endarch and exarch describe primary xylem (protoxylem & metaxylem), NOT secondary xylem -> Statement I is false/incorrect.

2 Check Statement II: In roots, protoxylem lies towards periphery and metaxylem lies towards centre (exarch) -> Statement II is true.

3 Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true.

4 Match Option (1).

🛡️

Why You Can 100% Trust This Shortcut: Canonical NCERT Plant Anatomy xylem differentiation nomenclature.

📐

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Step 1

Evaluation of Statement I (Primary vs. Secondary Xylem)

Endarch and exarch refer exclusively to developmental arrangements of primary xylem elements (protoxylem and metaxylem). Secondary xylem formed by vascular cambium does not exhibit endarch/exarch differentiation:

\text{\textbf{Endarch / Exarch}} \iff \text{Position of Protoxylem vs. Metaxylem in } \mathbf{\text{PRIMARY Xylem}} \implies \text{Statement I is } \mathbf{\text{Incorrect}}

Step 2

Evaluation of Statement II (Exarch Arrangement in Roots)

In stems, protoxylem lies towards pith (centre) and metaxylem towards periphery (endarch). In roots, protoxylem lies towards the periphery and metaxylem towards the centre (exarch):

\begin{aligned} \text{Stem (Endarch):} & \quad \text{Protoxylem inner (centrifugal development)} \\[3pt] \text{\textbf{Root (Exarch):}} & \quad \text{\textbf{Protoxylem outer (centripetal development)}} \implies \text{Statement II is } \mathbf{\text{True}} \end{aligned}

Step 3

Verbatim NCERT Reference

NCERT states verbatim: "In stems, the protoxylem lies towards the centre (pith) and the metaxylem lies towards the periphery of the organ. This type of primary xylem is called endarch. In roots, the protoxylem lies towards periphery and metaxylem lies towards the centre. Such arrangement of primary xylem is called exarch."

⭐

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.

4-Option Deep Scan

1 1

✓ 100% Correct

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Statement I falsely refers to secondary xylem instead of primary xylem; Statement II accurately identifies exarch as typical of roots.

💡

Why this is airtight: None; rigorous anatomical precision.

2 2

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Statement I is false because endarch/exarch terms describe primary xylem, not secondary xylem.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Overlooking the word "secondary" in Statement I.

3 3

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Statement II is factually true according to plant anatomy.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Incorrectly believing roots are endarch.

4 4

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Both parts of this option are inverted.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Confusing stem and root xylem developmental patterns.

⚠️

NTA Trap Alert: Primary vs. Secondary Xylem Wording Trap

NTA intentionally substituted "secondary xylem" in place of "primary xylem" in Statement I. Students reading too fast recognize "endarch and exarch" and subconsciously assume it is true.

🛡️ How to avoid the -1 mark: Always verify developmental status: Endarch/Exarch applies strictly to PRIMARY xylem.

📖

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

NCERT Biology · Anatomy of Flowering Plants Standard Benchmark

Core Scientific Principle Tested:

"In roots, the protoxylem lies towards periphery and metaxylem lies towards the centre. Such arrangement of primary xylem is called exarch."

Syllabus Focus: Complex Tissues (Xylem)

✓ Core NEET UG Syllabus Anchor Syllabus & Academic Standards ↗

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NEET 2023 Botany Question 124 Solution

Question

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Endarch/Exarch = PRIMARY Xylem Only!

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Evaluation of Statement I (Primary vs. Secondary Xylem)

Evaluation of Statement II (Exarch Arrangement in Roots)

Verbatim NCERT Reference

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

NTA Trap Alert: Primary vs. Secondary Xylem Wording Trap

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

Ready to attempt under real exam pressure?

🔗 Related Questions — Anatomy of Flowering Plants

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