NEET Syllabus 2027 & Exam Pattern: Subject-Wise Weightage
Comprehensive syllabus and chapter-wise topics for NEET UG (Medical Entrance) covering Physics, Chemistry, Botany, and Zoology. Prepared according to the National Medical Commission (NMC UGMEB) rationalized curriculum.
NEET Physics Syllabus (Units 1 to 20)
Physics and Measurement
Units of measurements, System of Units, SI Units, fundamental and derived units, least count, significant figures, Errors in measurements, Dimensions of Physics quantities, dimensional analysis and its applications.
Kinematics
Frame of reference, motion in a straight line, Position-time graph, speed and velocity; Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity, uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graph, relations for uniformly accelerated motion, Scalars and Vectors, Vector addition and subtraction, scalar and vector products, Unit Vector, Resolution of a Vector. Relative Velocity, Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion, Uniform Circular Motion.
Laws of Motion
Force and inertia, Newton’s First law of motion; Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion, Impulses; Newton’s Third Law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications. Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction. Dynamics of uniform circular motion: centripetal force and its applications: vehicle on a level circular road, vehicle on a banked road.
Work, Energy, and Power
Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic and potential energies, work-energy theorem, power. Potential energy of spring, conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and non-conservative forces; motion in a vertical circle: Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.
Rotational Motion
Centre of mass of a two-particle system, Centre of mass of a rigid body; Basic concepts of rotational motion; moment of a force; torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications; Moment of inertia, radius of gyration, values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications. Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equations of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions.
Gravitation
The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth. Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity, Motion of a satellite, orbital velocity, time period and energy of satellite.
Properties of Solids and Liquids
Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke's Law. Young's modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity. Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal's law and its applications. Effect of gravity on fluid pressure. Viscosity, Stokes' law, terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, critical velocity. Bernoulli's principle and its applications. Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, excess of pressure across a curved surface, application of surface tension: drops, bubbles, and capillary rise. Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation.
Thermodynamics
Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law of thermodynamics, concept of temperature. Heat, work, and internal energy. The first law of thermodynamics, isothermal and adiabatic processes. The second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes.
Kinetic Theory of Gases
Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, Kinetic theory of gases: assumptions, concept of pressure. Kinetic interpretation of temperature: RMS speed of gas molecules; Degrees of freedom. Law of equipartition of energy and applications to specific heat capacities of gases; Mean free path. Avogadro's number.
Oscillations and Waves
Oscillations and periodic motion: time period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; phase; oscillations of a spring: restoring force and force constant; energy in S.H.M. - Kinetic and potential energies; Simple pendulum: derivation of expression for its time period. Wave motion: Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of travelling wave. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves. Standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics. Beats.
Electrostatics
Electric charges: Conservation of charge. Coulomb's law forces between two point charges, forces between multiple charges: superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines. Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole. Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field. Electric flux, Gauss's law and its applications to find field due to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, infinite plane sheet, and thin spherical shell. Electric potential and calculation for a point charge, dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy. Conductors and insulators, dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, series and parallel combination, energy stored in capacitor.
Current Electricity
Electric current, drift velocity, mobility and relation with electric current. Ohm's law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics of ohmic and non-ohmic conductors. Electrical energy and power, resistivity and conductivity. Series and parallel combination of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance. Internal resistance, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells. Kirchhoff’s laws and applications. Wheatstone bridge, Metre Bridge.
Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
Biot-Savart law and application to current carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and applications to infinitely long straight wire and solenoid. Force on moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Force on current-carrying conductor in uniform magnetic field. Force between two parallel current carrying conductors: definition of ampere. Torque on current loop; Moving coil galvanometer, sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. Current loop as magnetic dipole, bar magnet as equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; magnetic field due to magnetic dipole along axis and perpendicular to axis.
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
Electromagnetic induction: Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits, wattless current. AC generator and transformer.
Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays). Applications of e.m. waves.
Optics
Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, optical fibres, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker's formula. Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact. Refraction through a prism. Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers. Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens' principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wavefronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction. Interference, Young's double slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum.
Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation
Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation: particle nature of light. Matter waves: wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation.
Atoms and Nuclei
Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, mass defect, binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission and fusion.
Electronic Devices
Semiconductors: semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR).
Experimental Skills
Familiarity with apparatus and underlying principles of: Vernier calipers, screw gauge, simple pendulum, metre scale determination of mass, Young's modulus by Searle's method, surface tension of water by capillary rise, coefficient of viscosity of a given viscous liquid by terminal velocity, speed of sound in air at room temperature using resonance tube, specific heat capacity by method of mixtures, resistivity using metre bridge, resistance of galvanometer by half deflection method, focal length of convex lens, concave mirror, and convex mirror, angle of minimum deviation for triangular prism, refractive index of glass slab using travelling microscope, I-V characteristics of p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias.
NEET Chemistry Syllabus (Units 1 to 20)
Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry
Matter and its nature, Dalton's atomic theory: concept of atom, molecule, element, and compound. Laws of chemical combination; Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae: Chemical reactions, stoichiometry, and calculations based on stoichiometry.
Atomic Structure
Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect; Spectrum of hydrogen atom. Bohr model of hydrogen atom: its postulates, derivation of the relations for energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr's model; Dual nature of matter, de Broglie's relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Quantum mechanical model of atom, quantum numbers, shapes of s, p, and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals: Aufbau principle, Pauli's exclusion principle, and Hund's rule, electronic configuration of atoms.
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Kossel-Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, ionic and covalent bonds. Ionic Bonds: lattice enthalpy. Covalent Bonds: electronegativity, Fajan's rule, dipole moment: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory and shapes of simple molecules. Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding: Valence bond theory, hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals (sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d, sp3d2), shapes of molecules. Molecular Orbital Theory: LCAO method, electronic configuration of homonuclear diatomic molecules (H2 to Ne2), concept of bond order, bond length, bond energy. Elementary idea of metallic bonding. Hydrogen bonding and its applications.
Chemical Thermodynamics
Fundamentals of thermodynamics: System and surroundings, extensive and intensive properties, state functions, types of processes. The first law of thermodynamics: concept of work, heat, internal energy, and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess's law of constant heat summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, hydration, ionization, and solution. The second law of thermodynamics: spontaneity of processes; ΔS of the universe and ΔG of the system as criteria for spontaneity. Standard Gibbs energy change and equilibrium constant.
Solutions
Different methods for expressing the concentration of solution: molality, molarity, mole fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both), the vapour pressure of solutions and Raoult's Law: Ideal and non-ideal solutions, vapour pressure-composition plots for ideal and non-ideal solutions; Colligative properties: relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, and osmotic pressure; Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties; Abnormal value of molar mass, van 't Hoff factor and its significance.
Equilibrium
Meaning of equilibrium, the concept of dynamic equilibrium. Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid-liquid, liquid-gas, and solid-gas equilibria, Henry's law. Equilibria involving chemical processes: Law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants (Kp and Kc) and their significance, Le Chatelier's principle. Ionic equilibrium: Weak and strong electrolytes, ionization of electrolytes, various concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, and Lewis) and their ionization, acid-base equilibria, ionization constants, neutralization and pH scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts and pH of solutions, solubility of sparingly soluble salts and solubility products, buffer solutions.
Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry
Electronic concepts of redox reactions, oxidation number, rules for assigning oxidation number, balancing of redox reactions. Electrolytic and galvanic cells, different types of electrodes, electrode potentials including standard electrode potential, half-cell and cell reactions, emf of a Galvanic cell and its measurement: Nernst equation and its applications; Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs' energy change: Dry cell and lead accumulator; Conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity and their variation with concentration: Kohlrausch's law and its applications. Electrolysis.
Chemical Kinetics
Rate of a chemical reaction, factors affecting the rate of reactions: concentration, temperature, pressure, and catalyst; elementary and complex reactions, order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate constant and its units, differential and integrated rate equations for zero and first-order reactions, their characteristics and half-lives, effect of temperature on the rate of reactions: Arrhenius theory, activation energy and its calculation, collision theory of bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation).
Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
Modem periodic law and present form of the periodic table, s, p, d, and f block elements, periodic trends in properties of elements: atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states, and chemical reactivity.
p-Block Elements
Group 13 to Group 18 Elements: General electronic configuration, occurrence, and trends in physical and chemical properties across periods and down groups; unique behaviour of the first element in each group.
d- and f-Block Elements
Transition Elements: General electronic configuration, occurrence, and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first-row transition elements: physical properties, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii, colour, catalytic behaviour, magnetic properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation; Preparation, properties, and uses of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4. Inner Transition Elements: Lanthanoids: electronic configuration, oxidation states, and lanthanoid contraction. Actinoids: electronic configuration and oxidation states.
Coordination Compounds
Introduction to coordination compounds. Werner's theory; ligands, co-ordination number, denticity, chelation, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear co-ordination compounds, isomerism; Bonding: Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory, colour and magnetic properties; Importance of co-ordination compounds in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals, and in biological systems.
Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds
Purification: Crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction, and chromatography: principles and applications. Qualitative analysis: Detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, and halogens. Quantitative analysis: Basic principles in the estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens, sulphur, and phosphorus. Calculations of empirical formulae and molecular formulae: Numerical problems in organic quantitative analysis.
Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry
Tetravalence of carbon: Shapes of simple molecules: hybridization (s and p): Classification of organic compounds based on functional groups: and those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur; Homologous series: Isomerism: structural and stereoisomerism. Nomenclature: Trivial and IUPAC nomenclature of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic compounds. Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: Inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance, and hyperconjugation. Common types of organic reactions: Substitution, addition, elimination, and rearrangement.
Hydrocarbons
Classification, isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties, and reactions. Alkanes: Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of ethane): Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes. Alkenes: Geometrical isomerism: Mechanism of electrophilic addition: addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov's and peroxide effect): Ozonolysis and polymerization. Alkynes: Acidic character: Addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, and hydrogen halides: Polymerization. Aromatic hydrocarbons: Nomenclature, benzene: structure and aromaticity: Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation, nitration, Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in mono-substituted benzene.
Organic Compounds Containing Halogens
General methods of preparation, properties, and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; Mechanisms of substitution reactions (SN1 and SN2). Uses; Environmental effects of chloroform, iodoform, freons, and DDT.
Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen
General methods of preparation, properties, reactions, and uses. Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols: mechanism of dehydration. Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation, nitration, and sulphonation. Reimer-Tiemann reaction. Ethers: Structure. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nature of carbonyl group; Nucleophilic addition reactions, relative reactivities of aldehydes and ketones; Important reactions: Aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction; Haloform reaction; Chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones. Carboxylic Acids: Acidic strength and factors affecting it.
Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen
General methods of preparation, properties, reactions, and uses. Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, basic character, and identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines and their basic character. Diazonium Salts: Importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
Biomolecules
General introduction and importance of biomolecules. Carbohydrates: Classification; aldoses and ketoses: monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) and constituent monosaccharides of oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, and maltose). Proteins: Elementary idea of α-amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides; Proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes. Vitamins: Classification and functions. Nucleic Acids: Chemical constitution of DNA and RNA. Biological functions of nucleic acids. Hormones (General introduction).
Principles Related to Practical Chemistry
Detection of extra elements (Nitrogen, Sulphur, halogens) in organic compounds; Detection of the following functional groups: hydroxyl (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketones), carboxyl, and amino groups in organic compounds. The chemistry involved in the preparation of: Inorganic compounds: Mohr's salt, potash alum. Organic compounds: Acetanilide, p-nitroacetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform. The chemistry involved in the titrimetric exercises: Acids, bases and the use of indicators, oxalic-acid vs KMnO4, Mohr's salt vs KMnO4. Chemical principles involved in the qualitative salt analysis: Cations: Pb2+, Cu2+, Al3+, Fe3+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+. Anions: CO3 2-, S2-, SO4 2-, NO3 -, NO2 -, Cl-, Br-, I- (Insoluble salts excluded). Chemical principles involved in: Enthalpy of solution of CuSO4, Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid and strong base, Preparation of lyophilic and lyophobic sols, Kinetic study of the reaction of iodide ions with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature.
NEET Biology Syllabus (Units 1 to 10)
Diversity in Living World
What is living? Biodiversity; Need for classification; Three domains of life; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature. Five kingdom classification: salient features and classification of Monera, Protista, Fungi into major groups; Lichens, Viruses, and Viroids. Salient features and classification of plants into major groups: Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms (salient features and a few examples). Salient features and classification of animals: non-chordates up to phyla level and chordates up to class level (salient features and a few examples).
Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
Morphology and modifications: Tissues, anatomy, and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence: flower, fruit, and seed. Family (Malvaceae, Cruciferae, Leguminosae, Compositae, Gramineae). Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy, and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, and reproductive) of an insect (Frog) (Brief account only).
Cell Structure and Function
Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles: structure and function; Endomembrane system: endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultra structure and function); Nucleus: nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus. Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules: structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes: types, properties, enzyme action, classification and nomenclature of enzymes. Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.
Plant Physiology
Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis, pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration; C3 and C4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis. Respiration: Exchange of gases; Cellular respiration: glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); Energy relations: Number of ATP molecules generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient. Plant growth and development: Seed germination; Phases of Plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell; Plant growth regulators: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA.
Human Physiology
Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals; Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans: Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration, Respiratory volumes; Disorders related to respiration: Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders. Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; Composition of lymph and its function; Human circulatory system: Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG; Double circulation; Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circulatory system: Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure. Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion: Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system: structure and function; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function: Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders: Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney. Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement: ciliary, flagellar, muscular; Skeletal muscle: contractile proteins and muscle contraction; Skeletal system and its functions; Joints; Disorders of muscular and skeletal system: Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout. Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humans: central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse. Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine system: Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, Hypo- and hyperactivity and related disorders (Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goitre, exophthalmic goitre, diabetes, Addison's disease).
Reproduction
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination: types, agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events: Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special modes: apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation. Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis: spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development up to blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation; Parturition; Lactation. Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs); Birth control: Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies: IVF, ZIFT, GIFT.
Genetics and Evolution
Heredity and variation: Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism: Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination: In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex-linked inheritance: Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans: Thalassemia, Sickle cell anemia, Phenylketonuria; Chromosomal disorders in humans: Down's syndrome, Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes. Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene expression and regulation: Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA fingerprinting. Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence; Darwin's contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution: Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg's principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution.
Biology and Human Welfare
Health and Disease: Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis, Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm, dengue, chikungunya); Basic concepts of immunology: vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse. Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.
Biotechnology and Its Applications
Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology). Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms: Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues: Biopiracy and patents.
Ecology and Environment
Organisms and environment: Population interactions: mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; Population attributes: growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution. Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; Energy flow; Pyramids of number, biomass, energy. Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation: Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries, Sacred Groves.
This syllabus is transcribed from Public Notice No. U-14023/19/NEET(UGExam)/UGMEB issued by the National Medical Commission (Under Graduate Medical Education Board), New Delhi. Candidates should regularly consult the official portals at neet.nta.nic.in and nmc.org.in for updates regarding exam dates and information bulletins.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is the NEET 2027 syllabus officially released by NTA or NMC?
The National Testing Agency (NTA) and National Medical Commission (NMC) have not yet issued a separate standalone notification for NEET 2027. However, the NEET 2027 syllabus is highly expected to be identical or substantially similar to NEET 2026, following the rationalized Class 11 and 12 NCERT curriculum notified by NMC UGMEB on 22-12-2025. Aspirants can confidently refer to this active NMC curriculum as their primary benchmark until the official 2027 bulletin is announced.
What is the exact exam pattern and question count for NEET?
NEET UG consists of 180 compulsory multiple-choice questions (MCQs) for 720 marks. The paper has 45 questions in Physics (180 marks), 45 questions in Chemistry (180 marks), and 90 questions in Biology (45 Botany + 45 Zoology, 360 marks). Each correct answer awards +4 marks, while an incorrect response deducts -1 mark. The exam duration is 180 minutes with no optional Section B format.
Are the deleted NCERT chapters included in NEET 2027?
No. The rationalized curriculum issued by NMC removes non-essential chapters that NCERT previously dropped from Class 11 and Class 12 textbooks. Aspirants should focus exclusively on the active units transcribed on this page.
Where can I practice questions strictly aligned with this syllabus?
You can practice full-length timed mock tests and subject-wise questions from official past question papers (2020 through 2026) directly on MyCompetitiveExams. You can also attempt our Brahmastra NEET 2027 dynamic simulator for randomized full-length practice.