Q.181 Zoology ⭐ 360° Option Elimination Active

NEET 2023 Zoology Question 181 Solution

Topic: Environmental Issues · Official NTA Booklet Code G5

Question

Given below are two statements: Statement I: Electrostatic precipitator is most widely used in thermal power plant. Statement II: Electrostatic precipitator in thermal power plant removes ionising radiations In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

(1)Statement I incorrect but Statement II is correct.
(2)Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
(3)Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
(4)Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

✓

Verified Against NTA Final Answer Key

Option (4) : Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

📚 Environmental Issues Easy

📋 Given Parameters & Problem Setup

Statement I Electrostatic precipitator is most widely used in thermal power plant.

Statement II Electrostatic precipitator in thermal power plant removes ionising radiations.

⚡

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Electrostatic Precipitators Remove PARTICLES, Not Radiation!

⏱️ Save ~20 seconds

Electrostatic precipitators remove >99% of particulate matter (fly ash) from thermal power plant smokestacks (Statement I is TRUE). They do NOT remove ionizing radiation (which originates from nuclear sources)! Statement II is FALSE! Select Option (4)!

1 Check Statement I: Electrostatic precipitator is the most widely used device to remove particulate exhaust in thermal power plants -> Verbatim NCERT, Correct.

2 Check Statement II: Claims it removes ionizing radiation -> False (It removes particulate matter via corona discharge and grounded collecting plates).

3 Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

4 Match Option (4).

🛡️

Why You Can 100% Trust This Shortcut: Canonical NCERT Environmental Issues air pollution control industrial equipment.

📐

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Step 1

Working Mechanism of Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP)

An electrostatic precipitator operates by maintaining electrode wires at thousands of volts to produce a corona discharge that releases electrons. Electrons attach to dust particles, giving them a net negative charge so that grounded collecting plates attract and capture them:

\text{Dirty Flue Gas} \xrightarrow{\text{High-voltage Corona } (e^-)} \text{Negatively Charged Dust} \xrightarrow{\text{Grounded Plates}} \mathbf{>99\%\text{ Particulate Matter Removed}}

Step 2

Evaluation of Statement I

NCERT states verbatim: "There are several ways of removing particulate matter; the most widely used of which is the electrostatic precipitator, which can remove over 99 per cent particulate matter present in the exhaust from a thermal power plant." Statement I is TRUE.

Step 3

Evaluation of Statement II

Ionizing radiations (alpha, beta, gamma rays) are nuclear emissions managed via thick lead shielding and deep geological disposal of nuclear wastes. ESPs have zero capability to neutralize radiation. Statement II is FALSE.

⭐

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.

4-Option Deep Scan

1 1

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Inverts the truth value of both statements.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Believing precipitators absorb nuclear radiation.

2 2

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Statement II is factually absurd from a physical and ecological perspective.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Assuming power plants emit radiation captured by precipitators.

3 3

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Statement I is an undisputed textbook fact regarding air pollution control.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Doubting thermal power plant reliance on electrostatic precipitators.

4 4

✓ 100% Correct

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Statement I correctly cites the widespread use of ESPs for particulate capture; Statement II falsely claims it removes ionizing radiation.

💡

Why this is airtight: None; rigorous environmental technology analysis.

⚠️

NTA Trap Alert: Particulate Matter vs. Radiation Trap

Thermal power plants burn pulverized coal, producing massive amounts of particulate fly ash and smoke. Ionizing radiation is an issue for nuclear power plants, not thermal coal plants, and is unaffected by electrostatic precipitators.

🛡️ How to avoid the -1 mark: ESP = Removes Particulate Matter. Nuclear Shielding = Blocks Ionizing Radiation.

📖

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

NCERT Biology · Environmental Issues Standard Benchmark

Core Scientific Principle Tested:

"Electrostatic precipitator is most widely used in thermal power plants to remove over 99 per cent particulate matter."

Syllabus Focus: Air Pollution and Its Control

✓ Core NEET UG Syllabus Anchor Syllabus & Academic Standards ↗

Ready to attempt under real exam pressure?

Test your speed and accuracy in the authentic 200-minute timed NTA simulator.

Launch NEET 2023 CBT Test →

← Previous (Q.180) All Zoology Questions Grid Next (Q.182) →

Spotted a mistake in this solution? Report an error (support@mycompetitiveexams.com)

⚖️ Legal & Fair Dealing Notice: Sourced from publicly released NEET 2023 question papers and NEET answer keys for private study, research, and non-commercial educational practice under Fair Dealing (Section 52(1)(a) of the Indian Copyright Act, 1957). Not affiliated with or endorsed by NTA or NMC.

NEET 2023 Zoology Question 181 Solution

Question

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Electrostatic Precipitators Remove PARTICLES, Not Radiation!

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Working Mechanism of Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP)

Evaluation of Statement I

Evaluation of Statement II

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

NTA Trap Alert: Particulate Matter vs. Radiation Trap

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

Ready to attempt under real exam pressure?

🔗 Related Questions — Environmental Issues

Measurement of Stratospheric Ozone Layer Thickness (Dobson Units)

Montreal Protocol (1987): Control of Ozone Depleting Substances

Photokeratitis: Snow-Blindness Caused by UV-B Induced Inflammation of Cornea

Stratospheric Ozone Measurement Units

Solve 4 NEET Questions a Day — One per Subject