NEET 2020 Botany Question 11 Solution

- Glycosidic Bond: Formed by dehydration synthesis between two carbon atoms of adjacent monosaccharide rings (eliminating a water molecule) to yield an ether linkage ($-C-O-C-$). Canonical examples include starch, glycogen, cellulose, and inulin (a linear storage fructan polymer of D-fructose found in dahlia tubers). - Peptide Bond: Formed by condensation between the $\alpha$-carboxyl group ($-COOH$) of one amino acid and the $\alpha$-amino group ($-NH_2$) of the next amino acid with elimination of water, forming a planar $-CO-NH-$ amide linkage. Canonical examples include enzymes, antibodies, and peptide hormones like insulin (51 amino acids across chain A and chain B).

- Cholesterol: A sterol lipid composed of four fused hydrocarbon rings (cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene), containing neither glycosidic nor peptide bonds. - Glycerol: Trihydroxy propane (alcohol), forming ester linkages with fatty acids in neutral fats. - Lecithin: A phospholipid containing ester and phosphoester bonds, not peptide bonds.