Q.114 Botany ⭐ 360° Option Elimination Active

NEET 2025 Botany Question 114 Solution

Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance & Biotechnology · Official NTA Booklet Code 45

Question

Given below are two statements: Statement I: Transfer RNAs and ribosomal RNA do not interact with mRNA. Statement II: RNA interference (RNAi) takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defence. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

(1)Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
(2)Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
(3)Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
(4)Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

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Verified Against NTA Final Answer Key

Option (4) : Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

📚 Molecular Basis of Inheritance & Biotechnology Medium

📋 Given Parameters & Problem Setup

Statement I Transfer RNAs and ribosomal RNA do not interact with mRNA.

Statement II RNA interference (RNAi) takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defence.

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The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Statement Validity Fingerprint

⏱️ Save ~25 seconds

tRNA reads mRNA codons and rRNA binds mRNA on ribosomes -> Statement I is blatantly FALSE! RNAi is a universal eukaryotic defence mechanism -> Statement II is 100% TRUE!

1 Analyze Statement I:

2 - "tRNAs and ribosomal RNA do not interact with mRNA." -> Absurd! tRNA binds mRNA through codon-anticodon pairing, and rRNA positions mRNA in the ribosome! Statement I is INCORRECT.

3 Analyze Statement II:

4 - "RNA interference (RNAi) takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defence." -> NCERT Biotechnology Applications verbatim! Statement II is CORRECT.

5 Conclusion: Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.

6 Select Option (4)!

🛡️

Why You Can 100% Trust This Shortcut: Gene Silencing & RNA Interference (NCERT Biology · Biotechnology and its Applications: dsRNA-mediated silencing).

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Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Step 1

Analysis of Statement I (tRNA and rRNA Interactions with mRNA)

During protein translation, multiple RNA species exhibit essential, highly coordinated physical and functional interactions:

• tRNA (transfer RNA) possesses an anticodon loop that specifically base-pairs with complementary codons on mRNA.
• rRNA (ribosomal RNA) forms the structural and catalytic framework of ribosomes; the smaller subunit binds mRNA, and rRNA sequences (like 16S rRNA in prokaryotes or 18S in eukaryotes) interact with mRNA to position it correctly for translation.
• Therefore, asserting that tRNA and rRNA "do not interact with mRNA" is factually and conceptually INCORRECT.

Step 2

Analysis of Statement II (RNA Interference in Eukaryotes)

RNA interference (RNAi) is a conserved post-transcriptional gene silencing mechanism:

• NCERT explicitly states: "RNA interference (RNAi) takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defence."
• It involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecule that binds to and prevents translation (or degrades) the target mRNA.
• Therefore, Statement II is completely CORRECT.

Step 3

Conclusion

Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct. This corresponds to Option (4).

\text{Statement I: False}, \quad \text{Statement II: True} \implies \text{Option (4)}

⭐

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.

4-Option Deep Scan

1 A

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Incorrect. Statement I is false because tRNA and rRNA extensively interact with mRNA during translation.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Failing to realize that translation is built entirely on RNA-mRNA interactions.

2 B

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Incorrect. Statement II is a direct verbatim quote from NCERT Biotechnology and is completely true.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Doubting whether RNAi occurs in all eukaryotes.

3 C

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Incorrect. Exactly reverses the veracity of both statements.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Complete confusion regarding translation and RNAi.

4 D

✓ 100% Correct

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

100% correct. Statement I contradicts the core mechanism of translation, while Statement II is textbook fact.

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Why this is airtight: None; rigorous conceptual clarity.

⚠️

NTA Trap Alert: Reading "Do Not Interact" Too Casually

Students reading quickly might gloss over the negative word "not" in Statement I. Always circle negative qualifiers like "not", "incorrect", or "incompatible" in statement-based questions!

🛡️ How to avoid the -1 mark: Identify the verb phrase: "do NOT interact" vs reality (they interact intimately in every round of translation).

📖

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

NEET Biology Core Syllabus · Molecular Basis of Inheritance / Biotechnology and its Applications Standard Benchmark

Core Scientific Principle Tested:

"tRNA and rRNA actively bind and translate mRNA; RNAi operates across all eukaryotes for cellular defence."

Syllabus Focus: Translation Machinery & RNA Interference

✓ Core NEET UG Syllabus Anchor Syllabus & Academic Standards ↗

I is FALSE (tRNA/rRNA LOVE mRNA), II is TRUE (RNAi defends ALL eukaryotes)!

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NEET 2025 Botany Question 114 Solution

Question

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Statement Validity Fingerprint

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Analysis of Statement I (tRNA and rRNA Interactions with mRNA)

Analysis of Statement II (RNA Interference in Eukaryotes)

Conclusion

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

NTA Trap Alert: Reading "Do Not Interact" Too Casually

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

Ready to attempt under real exam pressure?

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