Q.152 Zoology ⭐ 360° Option Elimination Active

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NEET 2023 Zoology Question 152 Solution

Topic: Breathing and Exchange of Gases · Official NTA Booklet Code G5

Question

Vital capacity of lung is.

(1)IRV + ERV+TV
(2)IRV + ERV
(3)IRV+ ERV+TV+RV
(4)IRV + ERV + TV -RV

✓

Verified Against NTA Final Answer Key

Option (1) : IRV + ERV + TV

📚 Breathing and Exchange of Gases Easy

📋 Given Parameters & Problem Setup

Respiratory Capacity Vital Capacity of lungs (VC)

Spirometric Components Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV), Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV), Tidal Volume (TV)

⚡

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Vital Capacity = All Mobilizable Air: IRV + ERV + TV

⏱️ Save ~20 seconds

Vital Capacity is the maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration (or breathe in after a forced expiration). It includes all movable volumes (IRV + TV + ERV) and strictly excludes Residual Volume (RV)!

1 Total Lung Capacity (TLC) =

IRV + ERV + TV + RV

2 Vital Capacity (VC) = TLC minus the non-expellable Residual Volume (

RV

3 Therefore:

VC = IRV + ERV + TV

4 Match Option (1) IRV + ERV + TV.

🛡️

Why You Can 100% Trust This Shortcut: Canonical NCERT Human Physiology spirometric volume and capacity definitions.

📐

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Step 1

Definition of Vital Capacity (VC)

Vital Capacity is defined as the maximum volume of air a person can exhale after a maximal forced inspiration, or the maximum volume of air a person can inhale after a maximal forced expiration:

\text{\textbf{Vital Capacity (VC)}} = \mathbf{ERV + TV + IRV} \quad (\approx 3500 - 4500\text{ mL})

Step 2

Verbatim NCERT Reference

NCERT defines Vital Capacity: "The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration. This includes ERV, TV and IRV or the maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration."

Step 3

Comparison with Other Capacities

Expiratory Capacity ( $EC = TV + ERV$ ); Inspiratory Capacity ( $IC = TV + IRV$ ); Functional Residual Capacity ( $FRC = ERV + RV$ ); Total Lung Capacity ( $TLC = VC + RV = IRV + ERV + TV + RV$ ).

⭐

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

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4-Option Deep Scan

1 1

✓ 100% Correct

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Exact mathematical formula and physiological definition of Vital Capacity (VC).

💡

Why this is airtight: None; textbook verbatim formula.

2 2

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Omits the Tidal Volume (TV, ~500 mL) which is an essential mobilizable component.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Forgetting that normal tidal breathing is part of vital capacity.

3 3

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

This represents Total Lung Capacity (TLC), not Vital Capacity.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Confusing Total Lung Capacity with Vital Capacity.

4 4

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Nonsensical mathematical deduction; Residual Volume is not subtracted from mobilizable volumes.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Confusing

TLC - RV = VC

with subtracting RV from VC.

⚠️

NTA Trap Alert: Vital Capacity vs. Total Lung Capacity Trap

Students frequently mix up VC with TLC. TLC includes the residual volume (air that can never be exhaled), while VC measures only the air that can be actively moved in and out.

🛡️ How to avoid the -1 mark: Remember: VC = Air you can breathe (no RV). TLC = ALL air in lungs (includes RV).

📖

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

NCERT Biology · Breathing and Exchange of Gases Standard Benchmark

Core Scientific Principle Tested:

"Vital Capacity (VC): The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration. This includes ERV, TV and IRV."

Syllabus Focus: Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

✓ Core NEET UG Syllabus Anchor Syllabus & Academic Standards ↗

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NEET 2023 Zoology Question 152 Solution

Question

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Vital Capacity = All Mobilizable Air: IRV + ERV + TV

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Definition of Vital Capacity (VC)

Verbatim NCERT Reference

Comparison with Other Capacities

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

NTA Trap Alert: Vital Capacity vs. Total Lung Capacity Trap

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

Ready to attempt under real exam pressure?

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