Q.125 Botany ⭐ 360° Option Elimination Active

NEET 2021 Botany Question 125 Solution

Topic: Anatomy of Flowering Plants · Official NTA Booklet Code M1

Question

Match List - I with List - II. (a) Lenticels (i) Phellogen (b) Cork cambium (ii) Suberin deposition (c) Secondary cortex (iii) Exchange of gases (d) Cork (iv) Phelloderm List - I List - II Choose the correct answer from the options given below. (a) (b) (c) (d)

(1)(iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
(2)(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(3)(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(4)(iv) (ii) (i) (iii)

✓

Verified Against NTA Final Answer Key

Option (2) : (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)

📚 Anatomy of Flowering Plants Easy

📋 Given Parameters & Problem Setup

List I (a) Lenticels, (b) Cork cambium, (c) Secondary cortex, (d) Cork

List II (i) Phellogen, (ii) Suberin deposition, (iii) Exchange of gases, (iv) Phelloderm

⚡

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Classic Periderm Triad: Phellogen (Cork Cambium) & Phelloderm (Secondary Cortex)

⏱️ Save ~20 seconds

Cork cambium = Phellogen (b-i); Secondary cortex = Phelloderm (c-iv); Cork = Phellem with Suberin (d-ii); Lenticels = Gas exchange openings in bark (a-iii). This immediately gives (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii) $\implies$ Option (2)!

1 Lenticels: Lens-shaped openings in bark for aerating internal tissues

\implies

(a)-(iii).

2 Cork cambium: The secondary lateral meristem termed Phellogen

\implies

(b)-(i).

3 Secondary cortex: Parenchymatous cells cut off toward the inside, termed Phelloderm

\implies

(c)-(iv).

4 Cork: Dead cells with suberized walls cut off to the outside (Phellem)

\implies

(d)-(ii).

5 Match Option (2).

🛡️

Why You Can 100% Trust This Shortcut: Canonical NCERT Anatomy of Flowering Plants on Secondary Growth and Periderm.

📐

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Step 1

Anatomy of the Periderm Complex

During secondary growth in dicot stems, the increase in girth tears the outer cortical and epidermal layers. A secondary lateral meristem arises in the cortex:

\begin{aligned} \text{\textbf{Cork Cambium (Phellogen):}} & \quad \text{Secondary meristem developing in cortex } \implies \text{(b)-(i)} \\[4pt] \text{\textbf{Cork (Phellem):}} & \quad \text{Cells cut off to the outside with suberized walls } \implies \text{(d)-(ii)} \\[4pt] \text{\textbf{Secondary Cortex (Phelloderm):}} & \quad \text{Parenchymatous cells cut off to the inside } \implies \text{(c)-(iv)} \\[4pt] \text{\textbf{Periderm:}} & \quad \text{Phellogen} + \text{Phellem} + \text{Phelloderm} \end{aligned}

Step 2

Structure and Function of Lenticels

At certain regions, the phellogen cuts off closely arranged parenchymatous complementary cells instead of cork cells. These cells rupture the epidermis, forming lens-shaped apertures called lenticels that permit exchange of gases between the atmosphere and internal cortical tissues $\implies$ (a)-(iii).

⭐

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.

4-Option Deep Scan

1 1

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Mismatches Lenticels with phelloderm and Secondary cortex with gas exchange.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Confusing the gas exchange aperture with the inner cortical layer.

2 2

✓ 100% Correct

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

All four periderm and bark structures are matched flawlessly to their anatomical identities.

💡

Why this is airtight: None. Accurate pairing.

3 3

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Mismatches Lenticels with suberin and Cork cambium with gas exchange.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Swapping lenticels with cork suberin.

4 4

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Gross misassignment of all anatomical terms.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Random guessing among matching options.

⚠️

NTA Trap Alert: Phellogen, Phellem, and Phelloderm Nomenclature Mix-Up

The Greek roots are easily inverted: Phellogen = Genesis/Origin (Cork cambium); Phellem = Cork; Phelloderm = Dermis/Cortex (Secondary cortex).

🛡️ How to avoid the -1 mark: Mnemonic: "Phellogen Generates; Phellem is Suberin film; Phelloderm is Deep cortex".

📖

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

NEET / NCERT Biology · Anatomy of Flowering Plants Standard Benchmark

Core Scientific Principle Tested:

"Phellogen, phellem, and phelloderm are collectively known as periderm. Lenticels permit the exchange of gases between the outer atmosphere and the internal tissue."

Syllabus Focus: Secondary Growth: Cork Cambium and Lenticels

✓ Core NEET UG Syllabus Anchor Syllabus & Academic Standards ↗

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NEET 2021 Botany Question 125 Solution

Question

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Classic Periderm Triad: Phellogen (Cork Cambium) & Phelloderm (Secondary Cortex)

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Anatomy of the Periderm Complex

Structure and Function of Lenticels

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

NTA Trap Alert: Phellogen, Phellem, and Phelloderm Nomenclature Mix-Up

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

Ready to attempt under real exam pressure?

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