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Identify the basic amino acid from the following.
Glutamic acid and Aspartic acid are Acidic. Valine and Alanine are Neutral. Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, and Tryptophan are Aromatic. Lysine, Arginine, and Histidine are BASIC (positively charged at physiological pH). Mark Lysine (Option 3) in 5 seconds!
Based on the number of amino (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) groups in their structure and variable R-side chains, amino acids are categorized as acidic, basic, neutral, and aromatic.
Basic amino acids contain an extra amino group in their side chain that accepts a proton, conferring a net positive charge at physiological pH. NCERT explicitly designates Lysine and Arginine as basic amino acids.
- Glutamic acid: Has an extra -COOH group in side chain -> Acidic amino acid. - Valine: Contains aliphatic hydrocarbon side chain -> Neutral amino acid. - Tyrosine: Contains phenolic aromatic side chain -> Aromatic amino acid.
Lysine is uniquely the basic amino acid among the choices provided.
Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.
Incorrect; Tyrosine is an aromatic amino acid possessing a para-hydroxyphenyl group.
Incorrect; Glutamic acid is an ACIDIC amino acid possessing an extra carboxyl group (-COOH).
Factually exact; Lysine possesses an epsilon-amino group in its side chain, making it a basic amino acid.
Incorrect; Valine is a neutral amino acid with an aliphatic isopropyl side chain.
Acidic: Glutamic acid, Aspartic acid. Basic: Lysine, Arginine. Neutral: Valine. Aromatic: Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan.
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