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Which of the following hormone levels will cause release of ovum (ovulation) from the graffian follicle?
Developing follicles secrete increasing amounts of Estrogen. A high concentration of Estrogen exerts positive feedback on the pituitary, causing the LH surge which ruptures the Graafian follicle (ovulation). Progesterone is low pre-ovulation, and LH must be HIGH, not low! Mark Option (1) in 10 seconds.
During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, primary follicles grow into mature Graafian follicles under the stimulation of gonadotropins (LH and FSH). The growing follicles secrete increasing levels of Estrogen.
Around day 12-14, the concentration of Estrogen reaches a critical peak (high concentration of Estrogen). Unlike low estrogen which exerts negative feedback, this sustained high level of estrogen switches to POSITIVE feedback on the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus.
The positive feedback of high estrogen induces rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level during mid-cycle (LH surge). LH surge induces rupture of the mature Graafian follicle and release of the ovum (ovulation).
Option (2) proposes high progesterone: Progesterone is very low prior to ovulation and rises only during the luteal phase. Options (3) and (4) state low LH and low FSH, whereas LH is at its highest peak. Thus, Option (1) is the only physiologically sound answer among the choices.
Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.
Physiologically accurate; high estrogen peak from the mature follicle is the primary endocrine trigger that induces the pre-ovulatory LH surge causing ovulation.
Incorrect; progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum AFTER ovulation has occurred, maintaining the endometrium during the luteal phase.
Incorrect; ovulation requires a high maximum level of LH (the LH surge), not low LH.
Incorrect; FSH also shows a modest peak around mid-cycle, and low FSH does not trigger ovulation.
Students expect "High LH" as the answer. But when NTA offers "Low concentration of LH" alongside "High concentration of Estrogen", the correct answer is High concentration of Estrogen because estrogen peak drives the LH surge!
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