Q.171 Zoology ⭐ 360° Option Elimination Active

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NEET 2023 Zoology Question 171 Solution

Topic: Human Health and Disease · Official NTA Booklet Code G5

Question

In which blood corpuscles, the HIV undergoes replication and produces progeny viruses?

✓

Verified Against NTA Final Answer Key

Option (2) : TH cells

📚 Human Health and Disease Easy

📋 Given Parameters & Problem Setup

Pathogen Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Event Replication and production of progeny viruses in blood corpuscles

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The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ HIV Host Target: Helper T-Cells (TH Cells)

⏱️ Save ~20 seconds

While macrophages act as the "HIV factory" in tissue, the blood corpuscles invaded by HIV where it replicates, releases progeny, and lyses cells leading to progressive immune collapse are Helper T-Lymphocytes ( $T_H$ cells)!

1 HIV binds to CD4 receptors on target immune cells.

2 In blood corpuscles, it selectively infects Helper T-lymphocytes (

T_H

cells).

3 Inside

T_H

cells, reverse transcriptase synthesizes viral DNA which integrates into host genome to produce progeny viruses.

4 Progressive destruction of

T_H

cells leads to immunocompromise and opportunistic infections.

5 Match Option (2) TH cells.

🛡️

Why You Can 100% Trust This Shortcut: Canonical NCERT Human Health and Disease retroviral pathogenesis cycle.

📐

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Step 1

Retroviral Infection Cycle of HIV

HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 binds specifically to the CD4 surface marker present on monocytes/macrophages and helper T-cells ( $T_H$ lymphocytes):

\text{HIV (ssRNA)} \xrightarrow{\text{Enters } T_H\text{ cell}} \text{Viral DNA (via Reverse Transcriptase)} \xrightarrow{\text{Integrates into Genome}} \text{Progeny Virions}

Step 2

Verbatim NCERT Reference

NCERT states verbatim: "Simultaneously, HIV enters into helper T-lymphocytes (TH), replicates and produces progeny viruses. The progeny viruses released in the blood attack other helper T-lymphocytes. This is repeated leading to a progressive decrease in the number of helper T-lymphocytes in the body of the infected person."

Step 3

Evaluation of Distractor Cells

Eosinophils fight allergic reactions and helminth infections; B-lymphocytes produce humoral antibodies; basophils release histamine and heparin during inflammation. None of these support HIV replication.

⭐

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.

4-Option Deep Scan

1 1

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Eosinophils are granulocytes involved in allergic response and parasitic defense, not targets of HIV.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Random leukocyte selection.

2 2

✓ 100% Correct

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Exact match with NCERT: HIV enters helper T-cells (TH), replicates, and generates progeny viruses.

💡

Why this is airtight: None; textbook verbatim.

3 3

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

B-lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells to secrete antibodies; they lack the CD4 tropism required for HIV entry.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Confusing B-cells with T-helper cells.

4 4

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Basophils are circulating granulocytes releasing inflammatory mediators, unaffected by HIV.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Confusing inflammatory granulocytes with target lymphocytes.

⚠️

NTA Trap Alert: Macrophage "Factory" vs. TH Cell Target Trap

NCERT calls macrophages the "HIV factory" because they survive while producing virus, but when asked about "blood corpuscles" whose depletion causes AIDS, the answer is definitively Helper T-lymphocytes ( $T_H$ cells).

🛡️ How to avoid the -1 mark: Blood corpuscle target whose destruction defines AIDS =

T_H

cells.

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Core NEET Syllabus Standard

NCERT Biology · Human Health and Disease Standard Benchmark

Core Scientific Principle Tested:

"HIV enters into helper T-lymphocytes (TH), replicates and produces progeny viruses, leading to a progressive decrease in TH cells."

Syllabus Focus: Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

✓ Core NEET UG Syllabus Anchor Syllabus & Academic Standards ↗

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NEET 2023 Zoology Question 171 Solution

Question

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ HIV Host Target: Helper T-Cells (TH Cells)

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Retroviral Infection Cycle of HIV

Verbatim NCERT Reference

Evaluation of Distractor Cells

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

NTA Trap Alert: Macrophage "Factory" vs. TH Cell Target Trap

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

Ready to attempt under real exam pressure?

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