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NEET 2020 Botany Question 45 Solution

Topic: Human Health and Disease · Official NTA Booklet Code E1

Question

Identify the wrong statement with reference to immunity.

(1)When exposed to antigen (living or dead) antibodies are produced in the host's body. It is called "Active immunity".
(2)When ready-made antibodies are directly given, it is called "Passive immunity".
(3)Active immunity is quick and gives full response.
(4)Foetus receives some antibodies from mother, it is an example for passive immunity.

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Verified Against NTA Final Answer Key

Option (3) : Active immunity is quick and gives full response.

📚 Human Health and Disease Easy

📋 Given Parameters & Problem Setup

Immunological Concepts Active immunity, Passive immunity, Maternal antibodies

Question Objective Identify the WRONG statement with reference to immunity

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The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ "Active Immunity is SLOW (Takes Time), NOT Quick!"

⏱️ 30 seconds

Active immunity requires time for clonal proliferation and antibody synthesis, so it is inherently SLOW to develop its full response. Passive immunity (ready-made antibodies) provides QUICK/immediate relief. Statement (3) claims active immunity is "quick", which is completely WRONG!

1 Read Statement 3: "Active immunity is quick and gives full response."

2 Recall NCERT: Active immunity is slow and takes time to give its full effective response.

3 Thus, Statement 3 is the wrong statement! Mark Option (3) in 5 seconds.

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Why You Can 100% Trust This Shortcut: NCERT Biology · Human Health and Disease (Immunity: Active vs Passive Immunity)

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Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Step 1

Review Active Immunity Characteristics

When a host is exposed to antigens (living or dead microbes or other proteins), antibodies are synthesized in the host's body. This is called active immunity. However, active immunity is slow and takes time to develop and mount its full effective response.

Step 2

Review Passive Immunity Characteristics

When ready-made antibodies are directly administered to the body (e.g., antivenom for snake bite, anti-tetanus serum), it is called passive immunity. Passive immunity acts immediately (quick response).

Step 3

Analyze Maternal Passive Immunity

The foetus receives maternal antibodies (IgG) across the placenta during pregnancy, and the newborn receives secretory IgA in mother's yellowish milk (colostrum) during initial days of lactation. These are classic examples of natural passive immunity.

Step 4

Identify the Erroneous Statement

Statement (3) asserts that "Active immunity is quick and gives full response." This directly contradicts immunology fundamentals: active immunity is notoriously slow during the primary response.

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360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.

4-Option Deep Scan

1 A

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

This statement is factually true, hence not the required wrong statement.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Correctly identified as true definition by students.

2 B

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

This statement is factually true, describing canonical passive immunity.

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Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): None; standard definition.

3 C

✓ 100% Correct

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

This statement is WRONG and therefore the correct answer. Active immunity is inherently slow and requires a lag period to develop full protection.

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Why this is airtight: Students who confuse long-lasting immunological memory with speed of onset may assume active immunity is quick.

4 D

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

This statement is factually true; maternal IgG crossing placenta provides natural passive immunity to the foetus.

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Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): None; textbook illustration of passive immunity.

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NTA Trap Alert: Speed vs Duration: Active vs Passive Immunity

Active Immunity: SLOW onset, but LONG-LASTING with memory. Passive Immunity: RAPID/QUICK onset, but SHORT-LIVED without memory.

🛡️ How to avoid the -1 mark: Remember: Active takes effort and time (SLOW). Passive is handed to you ready-made (FAST)!

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Core NEET Syllabus Standard

Botany · Human Health and Disease Standard Benchmark

Core Scientific Principle Tested:

Syllabus Focus: Innate vs Acquired Immunity: Active vs Passive Immunity Comparison

✓ Core NEET UG Syllabus Anchor Syllabus & Academic Standards ↗

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NEET 2020 Botany Question 45 Solution

Question

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ "Active Immunity is SLOW (Takes Time), NOT Quick!"

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Review Active Immunity Characteristics

Review Passive Immunity Characteristics

Analyze Maternal Passive Immunity

Identify the Erroneous Statement

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

NTA Trap Alert: Speed vs Duration: Active vs Passive Immunity

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

Ready to attempt under real exam pressure?

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